Assessment of the Water Quality of Boreholes in Selected Areas in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Chemical Science International Journal,
Page 1-13
DOI:
10.9734/CSJI/2019/v28i230133
Abstract
The water quality of selected boreholes in Oredo, Egor and Ovia North-East Local Government Areas in Benin City metropolis was assessed in terms of their physical, microbial and chemical parameters. A total of nine water samples (three per local government) were collected from randomly selected public boreholes in the month of July, 2018. The physicochemical parameters determined and values obtained are as follows: Electrical conductivity ranged 12.85 to 101.94 µS/cm, Temperature 25.00 to 25.01, pH of 4.32 to 5.55, TDS 0.67 to 4.00 mg/l, COD 3.20 to 16.00 mg/l, Turbidity 1.14 to 5.38FTU, Cl- 106.50 to 426.00 mg/l, SO42- 0.41 to 2.87 mg/l, TSS 0.33 to 1.67 mg/l, TS 1.33 to 4.33 mg/l, NO3- 23.73 to 41.48 mg/l, Mg 0.03 to 0.61mg/l, Ca 0.10 to 0.41 mg/l, HCO3- 7.00 to 22.00 mg/l, Na 0.20 to 7.75 mg/l, K 0.41 to 1.20 mg/l, Mn 0.01 to 0.11 mg/l, Fe 0.01 to 0.02 mg/l, Zn 0.01 to 0.65 mg/l, PO4- 0.07 mg/l for all locations, while some metals like Cd, Pb were not detected. Microbial evaluation was done on the samples to assess the level of E. coli, coliforms and bacteria. The principal component analysis result extracted two components each from the three LGAs; In Oredo LGA, Factor 1 accounted for 84.9% while Factor 2 accounts for 15.1%. In Egor LGA, Factor 1 accounts for 51.1% while Factor 2 accounts for 48.9%. In Ovia North-East LGA, Factor 1 accounted for 59.0% while Factor 2 accounts for 49.0% contributions.
Keywords:
- Microbial
- conductivity
- boreholes
- physicochemical
- metropolis.
How to Cite
References
Agbaire PO, Akporido SO, Akporhonor EE. Water quality index assessment of Borehole Water in the hostels in one of the higher institutions in Delta State. Research Journal of Chemical Sciences. Chemistry Department, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. 2014;4(7):77-81,2231-606X.
Oluyemi EA, Adekunle AS, Adenuga AA, Makinde WO. Physico-chemical properties and heavy metal content of water sources in ife north local government area of osun state, nigeria: African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2010;4(10):691-69.
Ukpong EC, Okon BB. Comparative analysis of public and private borehole water supply sources in uruan local government area of akwa ibom state. civil engineering department faculty of engineering university of uyo akwa ibom state, Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 2013;3(1);30-45.
Goldface D Water Laws and water laws Administration, national water resources Institute, Kaduna, Nigeria; 1999. Avaialble:http/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/drinking water.
Shrivastava SV, Sonawane HG. Ground water quality assessment near to the dye user industry. Archives of Applied. Science Research. 2010;2(6):126-130.
Edungbola LD, Asaolu SO. A parasitological survey: onchocerciasis in babana district of kwara state, nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene. 1984;33(999):1147-1154.
Ademorati CMA. Environmental chemistry and toxicology, foludex press Ltd, Ibadan, Nigeria. 1996;218.
Mackereth FJH, Heron J, Talling JF. Water analysis, fresh water biological association; 1978.
Ikeme CH, Dioha IJ, Olasusi KA, Promise UC. Physico-chemical analysis of selected borehole water in umuihi, town imo state, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. 2014;5(8):2229-5518.
Yilmaz E, Koc C. Physically and chemically evaluation for the water quality criteria in a farm on Akcay. J. Water Resour. Prot. 2014;6:63-67.
Okuo JM, Eloho R, Anegbe B. Physico-chemical assessment of Delta South Aquifer – a case study of OLEH and UZERE in Delta state. Nigerian journal of Applied science. 2016;34:43-55.
Osei P. Nkwame nkrumah university of science and technology kumasi water quality of boreholes and hand-dug wells at pakyi no. 1 in the amansie west district of ashanti region of Ghana; 2004.
Umar R, Absar A. Chemical characteristics of groundwater in parts of the Gambhir river basin, Bharatpur District, Rajasthan, India. Environmental Geology. 2003;44:535–544
Karunakaran V. Study of water quality in and around vriddhachalam in cuddalore district, Tamil nadu. Nature Environment. & Pollution. Technology. 2008;7(4):635-638.
Davis S, De Weist R. Hydrogeology, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., New York. 1966;463.
WHO. Guidelines for drinking water quality, 3(1). incorporating the first and second addenda, who, geneva. 2008;ISBN978 92 4 154761.
American Society for Testing and Material, ASTM. Annual book of ASTM standard, water and environmental technology. 2004;11(01):352-371.
APHA, AWWA, WPCF. Standard methods for the determination of water and waste water, American Public Health Association, New York, N.Y. 1995;19(4).
Isichei OT, Ogeleka DF, Okiemen FE. Consideration of the groundwater quality in Efurum metropolis. Bulletin of Geo-Environmental and climate change Adaptation Research. 2016;4:1-40.
Oyem HH, Oyem IM, Ezeweali D. Temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and chemical oxygen demand of groundwater in Boji-BojiAgbor/Owa Area and Immediate Suburbs; 2009.
Ibrahim YE, Nuraddeen AM. An assessment of some water quality properties of groundwater in dutsin - ma metropolis, Nigeria. International Journal of current microbiology and applied sciences. 2014;3(5):644-649.
-
Abstract View: 2070 times
PDF Download: 597 times
